Avukatları



Mr Luzius WILDHABER (Swiss)
Born on 18 January 1937 in Basel
Studies in Basel, Paris, Heidelberg, London and Yale
Doctor of Law, Basel, 1961; LL.M. Yale, 1965; J.S.D., Yale, 1968; Dres.h.c., LL.D.h.c.
Professor at the University of Fribourg, 1971-77
Professor at the University of Basel, 1977-98
Rector of the University of Basel, 1992-94
Chief Co-ordinator of the Commission for the Complete Revision of the Swiss Federal Constitution, 1974-78
President of the Swiss Society of International Law, 1979-91
Judge of the Constitutional Court of the Principality of Liechtenstein, 1975-88
Judge of the Administrative Tribunal of the Inter-American Development Bank, 1989-94
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights, 1991-98
Judge and President of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr Christos ROZAKIS (Greek)
Born on 17 May 1941 in Athens
Graduate in Law, University of Athens, 1965
LL.M, University of London, 1970
LL.M, 1971; J.S.D, 1973, University of Illinois
Lecturer, 1975-77: Assistant Professor, 1977-80
Professor, First Chair of Public International Law, Pantion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens 1980-86
Professor of Public International Law, School of Law, Economics and Political Sciences since 1986
Dean, School of Law, Economics and Political Sciences, Athens, 1991-94
Member of the European Commission of Human Rights, 1987-99
Judge and President of Section of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998
Vice-President of the Court since 1 November 1998.


Mr Jean-Paul COSTA (French)
Born on 3 November 1941 in Tunis
Diploma of the Institute of Political Studies of Paris, 1961
Master of Law, Faculty of Law, Paris, 1962
Diploma of Superior Studies (post-graduate), Public law, 1964
Former pupil of the ENA (Ecole nationale d’administration), 1964-66
Auditeur at the Conseil d’Etat, 1966
Rapporteur at the judicial section of the Council of State, 1966-1971, 1977-80, 1987-89, assessor of sub-section (chamber), judicial section of the Council of State, 1989-93
Directeur du cabinet (political secretary) of the Minister of Education (Alain Savary), 1981-84
Associate professor, Universities of Orléans, 1989-98 and Panthéon-Sorbonne, 1992-98
President of sub-section, judicial section of the Council of State, 1993-98
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998
President of Section since 1 May 2000
Vice-President of the Court since 1 November 2001

Sir Nicolas BRATZA (British)
Born on 3 March 1945, in Cheam, Surrey
BA 1967, MA 1971, Brasenose College, Oxford,
Called to the Bar: Lincoln's Inn, 1969
Private practice as Barrister, 1969-98
Queen's Counsel, 1988
Assistant Recorder, 1989-93
Recorder of the Crown Court, 1993-98
Bencher of Lincoln's Inn, 1993
Member of the European Commission of Human Rights, 1993-99
Justice of the High Court, 1998
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998
President of Section 1998-2000, 2001-04, re-elected 2004.

Mr Boštjan ZUPANCIC (Slovenian)
Born on 13 May 1947 in Ljubljana
Dipl. Jur. Degree, Faculty of Law, University of Ljubljana, 1970
University of Montreal, School of Criminology, 1971-72
Master of Law (LL.M.), Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1974
Scientiae Juris Doctor (S.J.D.), Harvard Law School, 1981
Assistant Professor of Law, University of Ljubljana (1970-76) and New York Law School (1977-79)
Associate Professor, University of Iowa, Law School, 1980 and Fordham University, Law School, 1981
Distinguished Visiting Professor, 1981 and full Professor of Law, Seton Hall University, Law School, 1986
Full Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Ljubljana, since 1988
First Vice-President (for academic affairs), University of Ljubljana, 1989-92
Judge at the Constitutional Court of Slovenia, 1993-98
Member and Vice-Chair of the United Nations Committee against Torture (Geneva), 1995-98
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998
President of Section since 1 November 2004.

Mr Peer LORENZEN (Danish)
Born on 20 May 1944 in Copenhagen
Master of laws (juridisk embedseksamen) University of Aarhus, 1969
Assistant Professor of public law at the University of Aarhus, 1969-70 and of constitutional law at the University of Copenhagen, 1970-74
Legal Adviser, Ministry of Justice, 1970-78
Head of Department at the Parliamentary Ombudsman’s Office, 1978-82
Judge of the Court of Appeal of Western Denmark, 1982-92
President of the Court of Appeal of Western Denmark, 1992-94
Justice of the Supreme Court of Denmark, since 1994
Representative of Denmark in the Council of Europe Committee of Experts on Development of Human Rights, 1983-92, and Chairman 1991-92
Member of the European Commission of Human Rights 1995-99
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr Giovanni BONELLO (Maltese)
Born on 11 June 1936 in Malta
Doctor of Law, University of Malta, 1958
Advocate in private practice
First Maltese delegate to the European Commission for Democracy through Law
Former president of the Academy for the Development of a Democratic Environment
Former director of Bank of Valletta
Founder member and former vice-president of the heritage foundation Fondazzjoni Patrimonju Malti
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr Loukis LOUCAIDES (Cypriot)
Born on 3 October 1937 in Cyprus
Barrister-at-law, Gray's Inn, London, 1958
Post-graduate studies in administrative law, Conseil d'Etat, Paris, Institut International d'Administration Publique), 1969
Advocate in Nicosia, 1958-64
Counsel of the Republic, 1964-69, Senior Counsel of the Republic, 1969-75
Deputy Attorney-General of the Republic, 1975-98
Agent of the Cyprus Government in respect of proceedings before the European Commission and Court of Human Rights, 1974-89
President of the International Association of Human Rights in Cyprus (NGO) since 1988
Member of the European Committee on Legal Co-operation of the Council of Europe (CDCJ), 1985-89
Member of the European Commission of Human Rights 1989-99
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr Ireneu CABRAL BARRETO (Portuguese)
Born on 5 February 1941, in Ponta do Sol, Madeira
Degree in law, Coimbra Law University, 1963
Assistant to the District Attorney for the counties of Ourique, S. Vicente, Vila Nova de Famalicão, Vila Verde, Portimão and Lisboa, 1964-70, Judge for the county of S. Jorge, 1971-72
Assistant to the District Attorney at the districts of Bragança, Évora and Setúbal, 1972-75
Deputy Attorney General, 1975-97
Legal adviser at the Ministry of Trade and Tourism, 1975-77
Judge at the Supreme Court of Justice, 1997-98
Member of the European Commission of Human Rights, 1993-99
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998

Mr Riza TÜRMEN (Turkish)
Born on 17 June 1941 in Istanbul
Graduated from the Faculty of Law, University of Istanbul, 1964
Doctor of Political Science, University of Ankara, 1973
Master of Laws, McGill University, Montreal, 1980
Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, NATO Department as third and second secretary, 1966-69
First Secretary at the Turkish Permanent Mission to the United Nations, New York, 1969-1974
First Secretary at the Turkish Embassy in Islamabad, Pakistan, 1974-1975
Counsellor, Representative of Turkey to the International Civil Aviation Organisation in Montreal, 1978-80
Assistant Director General in charge of Council of Europe and Maritime and Aviation Affairs at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1980-85
Ambassador of Turkey to Singapore, 1985-89
Director General in charge of the Council of Europe, Human Rights and CSCE at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1989-94
Ambassador of Turkey to Switzerland, 1994-96
Permanent Representative of Turkey to the Council of Europe, 1996-98
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mrs Françoise TULKENS (Belgian)
Born on 12 September 1942 in Brussels
Doctor of Law, 1965
Special diploma in criminology, 1965
Higher education teaching certificate (Agrégation), 1976
Advocate, Brussels Bar, 1965-68
Researcher FNRS (Fonds national de la recherche scientifique)1968-76
Professor at the University of Louvain and Visiting Professor at the Universities of Geneva, Ottawa, Paris I and Rennes, 1976-98
Chairwoman of the Scientific Committee of the European Law-making Research Group, 1993-98 (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris)
Editor-in-chief of the Revue internationale de droit pénal, 1994-98
Administrator (1994-98) and President (1996-98) of the Ligue des droits de l’homme (French-speaking Community of Belgium)
Expert for the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture, 1996-97
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr Corneliu BÎRSAN (Romanian)
Born on 16 December 1943 in Munteni di Jos, Vaslui
First Degree in Law, University of Bucharest, 1966
Professor at the Faculty of Law, Bucharest, 1967
Diploma of Advanced Studies in Comparative Law, International Faculty for Comarative
Law Studies, Strasbourg, 1974
Doctorate of Law, University of Bucarest, 1977
Lawyer at the Bucharest Bar since 1990-98
Dean of the Faculty of Law of Bucharest University, 1990-98
Member of the European Commission of Human Rights, 1995-98
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr Karel JUNGWIERT (Czech)
Born 1 November 1944 in Vlkovec
Degree: Doctorate in Law, Faculty of Law, Charles University, Prague, 1969
Trainee barrister, 1969-71,
Barrister, 1974-89
Head of Secretariat, Czechoslovak Federal Assembly, 1990-92
Judge, Supreme Court of the Czech Republic
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights, 1993-98
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since November 1998.

Mr Volodymyr BUTKEVYCH (Ukrainian)
Born in 1946, Region of Vinnytsa
Law studies, Faculty of Law, Kyiv State University, 1965-81
Doctor of Law, 1981
Professor, Head of the Chair, Dean of the Faculty of International Relations and International Law, Director of the Institute of International Relations and International Law, Kyiv State University , 1984-98
Chairman of the Annual International Conference on Human Rights, 1986-96
United Nations Expert, 1990-1998
Director of the Ukrainian Centre for Human Rights, 1992-96
President of the Pan-Ukrainian Association for International Law, 1991-99
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights, 1996-98
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr Josep CASADEVALL (Andorran)
Born 10 September 1946 in Gerona
Law degree, Madrid, 1978
Secretary General of the Municipality of Andorra la Vella, 1970-80
Lawyer practising in Andorra, 1980
Secretary General of the Andorra Bar Association, 1984-92
President of the Bar Association, 1993-95
Professor at the Faculty of Law of the Spanish National Open University, 1985-98
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights, 1996-1998
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mrs Nina VAJIC (Croatian)
Born on 22 February 1948 in Zagreb
Law studies, Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, 1966-71
Diploma Programme in International Law, the Graduate Institute of International Studies (IUHEI),
University of Geneva, 1978-80
Doctor of Law, 1984
Instructor, Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, 1971-78
Assistant, 1978-85 and Assistant Professor, 1985-91
Associate Professor, 1991-96
Professor of public international law, Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, since 1996
Director of the Institute of Public and Private International Law, Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, 1991-94
Alternate Arbitrator to the Court of Conciliation and Arbitration of the Convention on Conciliation and Arbitration in the Framework of the OSCE (1994- )
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr John HEDIGAN (Irish)
Born on 14 October 1948 in Dublin
Law studies at Trinity College Dublin and Kings Inns Dublin, 1971-76
Called to the Bar, 1976
Senior Counsel, 1990
Member of the English Bar (Middle Temple) and of the New South Wales Bar (Australia)
Chairperson of the Civil Service Disciplinary Appeals Tribunal, 1992-94
Bencher of The Honourable Society of Kings Inns
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr Matti PELLONPÄÄ (Finnish)
Born on 4 April 1950 at Kankaanpää
Candidate of Laws (LL. B.), 1974; Licentiate of Laws (LL. Lic.), 1976, Helsinki,
Master of Laws (LL. M.), Toronto, 1979
Doctor of Laws (LL. D), Helsinki, 1984
Assistant Junior Secretary, Provincial Administrative, Court of Vaasa 1974-75
Acting City Court Judge, of Loviisa, 1976 and of Lahti, 1978
Legal Assistant, Iran-United States Claims Tribunal, The Hague, 1984-86
Extraordinary Justice, Supreme Administrative Court of Finland, 1997
Member of the European Commission of Human Rights, Strasbourg, 1990-99
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mrs Margarita TSATSA-NIKOLOVSKA (citizen of "the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia")
Born on 28 November 1950 in Skopje
Graduated from the Cyril and Methodius Law Faculty, Skopje
Passed the Macedonia Bar exam, 1977
Judge of trial court “Skopje I” in Skopje, 1978
Judge of the District Court of Skopje, later renamed Appeal Court, 1986
Judge of the Supreme Court, 1997
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr András BAKA (Hungarian)
Born on 11 December 1952 in Budapest
Doctor of Laws, Faculty of Law of the Eötvös Loránd University. Budapest, 1978
Research fellow, Institute for Legal and Political Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1978-90
Candidate of Legal Sciences (PhD) of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1988
Professor of Constitutional Law, National School of Public Administration, Budapest since 1989
Rector and President of the Board the National School of Public Administration, 1990-98
Member of the Hungarian Parliament, May 1990-April 1991
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights, 1991-98
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr Rait MARUSTE (Estonian)
Born on 27 September 1953 in Pärnu
Law degree, Tartu University Law School, 1977
PhD (cand. of legal sciences), Leningrad, 1984
Assistant Professor, Head of Department, Tartu University, 1985
President of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Estonia, 1992-98
Chairman of the Board of Estonian Law Centre Foundation, 1995-98
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr Kristaq TRAJA (Albanian)
Born on 17 August 1955 in Diber
Law studies, University of Tirana,1974-77
Assistant Prosecutor at Prosecutor’s Office of Kruja, 1978-82
Deputy Prosecutor in Kruja, 1982-85
Deputy Minister of Justice, 1992-93
Chairman of the Court of Arbitration at the Albanian Chamber of Commerce, 1993-95
Private lawyer, 1993-97
Professor of constitutional law, Faculty of Law, University of Tirana, 1993-97
Head of Private Office of the Minister for Legislative Reform and Relations with the Parliament 1997-98
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mrs Snejana BOTOUCHAROVA (Bulgarian)
Born on 20 September 1955 in Sofia
MA (Law), and MA in International Relations, Kliment Ohridski University, Sofia, 1978
Doctor of Laws, Lomonosov University, Moscow, 1984
Attorney at Law in Sofia, 1980-84
Senior assistant Professor, 1984; Chief assistant Professor, 1987, Kliment Ohridski University, Sofia,
MP (UDF), 1990-94. Deputy Chairperson of the National Asssembly, 1991-94
Member of the European Commission for Democracy through Law of the Council of Europe, 1991-94
Associate Professor of constitutional law, Neofit Rilski University, Blagoevgrad, 1994
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Bulgaria in the United States, 1994-98
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 1998.

Mr Mindia UGREKHELIDZE (Georgian)
Born on 19 May 1942, Kutaisi
Doctor of Laws, Tbilisi State University, 1974
Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Law, Tbilisi State University, 1976-99
Deputy Director of the Department of Science and Education, 1983-86
Pro-Rector at Tbilisi Technical University, 1986-88
Member of the State Constitutional Commission, 1993-95
Lecturer; Georgetown University Law School, United States and Passau, Germany, 1994-96
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia 1990-98
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 24 June 1999.

Mr Anatoly KOVLER (Russian)
Born on 26 August 1948 in Sari-Khassar, Tadjikistan (USRR)
Diploma of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations, 1971
Post-graduated studies, Institute of Comparative Political Studies of the
Russian Academy of Sciences, 1973-77
Doctor of Law, 1991
Professor of Law, Moscow Academic University, 1985-99
Research Director of the Centre of Comparative Law, Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1980-99
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 21 September 1999.

Mr Vladimiro ZAGREBELSKY (Italian)
Born on 25 March 1940 in Turin
Bachelor’s degree in law, 1963, University of Turin
Career in national judicial service as from 1965 as Judge and Public Prosecutor in the national legal service
Member of the Supreme Council of Judiciary and its disciplinary section 1981-85 and 1994-98
Chairman of the Ministerial Committee for the adaptation of the judicial system to the new Code of Criminal Procedure, 1987-89
Director-General of Judicial Organisation and General Affairs, Ministry of Justice, then Head of the Legislative Office at the same Ministry, 1998-2001
Member of the Ministerial Commission for the reform of the judicial system, 1992-94
Member of the Ministerial Commission to draw up a new Criminal Code, 1999-2001
Appointed Judge of the Court of Cassation in 2000
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 25 April 2001.

Mrs Antonella MULARONI (San Marinese)
Born on 27 September 1961 in San Marino
Translation diploma (English and German), School for Interpreters and Translators, Bologna, 1982-83
Law degree, University of Bologna, 1986
Political Secretary to the Minister of Finance, Budget and Economic Planning, 1986-87
Director of the Office for relations with the associations of San Marino citizens living abroad, 1987-90
Deputy to the Permanent Representative of the Republic of San Marino to the Council of Europe, 1989-90
Barrister and public notary in the Republic of San Marino, 1991-2001
Member of the Executive Board of the San Marino Bar, 1998-2001
Member of the General Grand Council of the Republic of San Marino, 1993-2001
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 2001.

Mrs Elisabeth STEINER (Austrian)
Born on 21 March 1956 in Vienna
Doctor in law (1981) and Doctor in business administration (1985)
Member of the Bar; 1987
Private legal practice in Vienna since 1988
Member of the expert committee on labour law of the Vienna Chamber of Attorneys and of various international lawyers’ associations
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 2001.

Mr Stanislav PAVLOVSCHI (Moldovan)
Born on 24 January 1955 in Floresti
Law studies in the Kharkov Law Institute (Ukraine), 1977-80
Career within the Prosecutor-General’s Office of the Republic of Moldova, 1980-2001
Member of the multidisciplinary group on corruption, Council of Europe, 1996-2001
Co-drafter of the CE criminal and civil law conventions on corruption, 1996-2001
High representative of the prime minister of Moldova to the Stability Pact Anti-organised Crime Initiative, 1999-2001
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 2001.

Mr Lech GARLICKI (Polish)
Born on 23 August 1946 in Warsaw
Doctorate at the University of Warsaw, Faculty of Law and Administration, 1973
Assistant Professor, 1968, Associate Professor, 1980, Professor of Law, 1987
Director, Institute of State and Law Sciences, Faculty of Law, 1981-87
Advocate (Warsaw Bar), 1980-93
Member of the Legislative Council, Prime Minister's Office, 1987-92 and 2001-02
Judge of the Constitutional Court of Poland, 1993-01
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 26 June 2002.

Mr Javier BORREGO BORREGO (Spanish)
Born on 21 September 1949 in Seville
Master of Laws, 1970, Complutense University, Madrid
Registrar Social Affairs Court, Cuencà, 1972-76
State Counsel, 1976-2003
State Counsel/Head of the Human Rights Legal Service, 1990-2003
Agent of the Government before the European Court of Human Rights, 1990-2003
Member of the Steering Committee for Human Rights, 1990-2003
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 29 January 2003.

Mrs Elisabet FURA-SANDSTRÖM (Swedish)
Born on 28 March 1954 in Stockholm
Juris kandidat, LLM, University of Stockholm, 1979
Judge on the District Court of Sollentuna, 1979-82
Lecturer at the Faculties of Law, Stockholm and Uppsala, the Stockholm School of Economics, Centre regional de formation professionnel des Barreaux de la cour d’Appel, Paris and the Swedish Institute for Legal Development since 1979
Member of the Swedish Bar Association, 1985-2003; Vice-President, 1996-99; President, 1999-2001
Associate member of a Swedish law firm, 1982-2003; partner 1988-2003
Head of the Swedish delegation to the Council of the Bars and Law Societies of the European Union, 1998-2003
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 2 April 2003.

Mrs Alvina GYULUMYAN (Armenian)
Born on 20 January 1956, Azerbaijan
Law studies, Yerevan State University, 1972-79
Advocate, Member of the Bar, 1979-85
Judge of the Supreme Court, 1985-96
Judge of the Constitutional Court, 1996-2003
Member of the State Commission on Judicial Reform, 1997-99
Member of the Commission on Constitutional Amendments, 1998-2001
President of the Association of Judges, 1998-2003
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 2 April 2003.

Mr Khanlar HAJIYEV (Azerbaijani)
Born on 9 September 1956, Azerbaïjan
Law studies at the State University of Baku, 1973-78
Post-graduate course, State University of Moscow, 1978-83
Judge and Vice-President of the Supreme Court of Azerbaijan, 1990-1992
President of the Supreme Court, Azerbaijan, 1993-1998
Doctor of Law, 2001
President of the Constitutional Court, Azerbaijan, 1998-2003
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 2 April 2003.

Mrs Ljiljana MIJOVIC (citizen of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Born on 21 April 1964 in Banjaluka
Law studies at the University of Banjaluka, 1984-88
Postgraduate studies in international public and private law, University of Banjaluka, 1993-97
Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Law, Banjaluka, 1991-2002
Professor, Police Academy, Banjaluka, International Law Department, 1997-2001
Professor at the European Human Rights Master Studies, Sarajevo-Bologna since 2000
Doctor of Science, 2002
Member of the High Judicial and Prosecutorial Council, 2002
Professor at the European Human Rights Master Studies, Montenegro since 2002
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 27 January 2004.

Mr Dean SPIELMANN (Luxemburger)
Born on 26 October 1962 in Luxembourg
Bachelor’s law degree, Catholic University of Louvain, 1988
Master of Laws, Cambridge University, 1990
Lawyer, member of the Luxembourg Bar since 1989
Barrister since 1992
Member of the Advisory Human Rights Commission, Luxembourg, 2000-04
Partner in a law firm in Luxembourg, 2001-04
Member of the Institut Grand-Ducal (agrégé 2002-05, associate since 2005)
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 24 June 2004.

Mrs Renate JAEGER (German)
Born on 30 December 1940 at Darmstadt
Law studies at the Universities of Cologne, Munich and Lausanne, 1959-64
First and second State examinations in law, 1964 and 1968
Judge of the Social Court, Düsseldorf, 1968-74
Judge of the Social Court of Appeal, North Rhine-Westphalia, 1974-87
Judge at the Federal Social Court, 1987-94
Judge of the Constitutional Court, North Rhine-Westphalia, 1988-94
Judge of the Federal Constitutional Court, 1994-2004
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 2004.

Mr Egbert MYJER (Dutch)
Born on 31 July 1947 in Arnhem
Master in Law, University of Utrecht, 1966-72
Assistant Professor Criminal Law, University of Leiden, 1972-79
Trainee judge at the District Court of Zutphen, 1979-81
Judge of the District Court of Zutphen, 1981-86
Vice-President of the District Court of Zutphen, 1986-91
Advocate-General of the Court of Appeal, La Haye, 1991-95
Deputy Prosecutor-genera/Chief Advocate General at the Court of Appeal, Amsterdam; 1996-2004
Professor of Human Rights, Free University of Amsterdam, 2000
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 2004.

Mr Sverre Erik JEBENS (Norwegian)
Born on 29 September 1949 in Bergen
Law Degree, University of Oslo, 1977
Deputy Judge at Inderøy, District Court in Steinkjer, 1977-79
Chief Superintendent at Trondheim police, Head of Section of investigation and prosecuting cases on financial crimes 1980-83
Legal adviser at the Law Division of the Justice Department, Oslo, 1983-85
Chief legal counsel at Trondheim County Borough Council 1987-88
Appointed Judge at Frostating High Court, Trondheim in 1988
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 2004.

Mr David Thór Björgvinsson (Icelandic)
Born on 9 April 1956 in Reykjavik
Law studies at the University of Iceland and Duke University, North Carolina, United States
Assistant Judge at the Civil Court of Reykjavik, 1987-88
Associate Professor of Law, University of Iceland, 1989-93
Référendaire at the EFTA Court, Geneva and Luxembourg, 1993-96 and 1999-2003
Professor of Law, University of Iceland 1996-2003
Professor of Constitutional Law and International Public Law, University of Reykjavik, 2003-04
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 2004.

Mrs Danute JOCIENE (Lithuanian)
Born on 10 November 1970 at Akmene
Law studies at the University of Vilnius, 1989-94
Doctor of Law, University of Vilnius, 1999
Lecturer and associate Professor, Vilnius, 1994-2004
Expert at the European Law Department, 1997-2002
Vice-Dean of the Law Faculty of Vilnius University, 2003
Agent of the Government before the European Court of Human Rights, 2003-2004
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 2004.

Mr Ján ŠIKUTA (Slovakian)
Born on 25 October 1960 in Bratislava
Law Studies at the University of Comenius, 1979-84
Elected Judge by the Slovakian Parliament, 1985
Judge of the First Instance Court, 1986-89
Judge of the Appeal Court of Bratislava, 1990-94
Legal Officer in the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 1994-2004
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 November 2004.

Mr Dragoljub POPOVIC (Serbian)
Born on 25 July 1951 in Zemun
Law Studies at the University of Belgrade, 1970-74
Master of Laws at the University of Belgrade, 1974-76
Lawyer in two commercial enterprises, 1976-80
Doctor of Law, University of Belgrade, 1984
Third cycle degree in Comparative Law at the International Faculty of Comparative Law, Brussels, 1985
Lecturer (Professor, 1995) of Legal and Constitutional History and Comparative Law,
Belgrade University, 1980-98
Attorney at Law in a legal office, Belgrade, 1998-2000
Visiting Professor at the Institute of Federalism of the University of Fribourg, Switzerland, 2001
Ambassador of Serbia and Montenegro to Switzerland, 2001-04
Professor of Constitutional Law and Comparative Law at the Business Law School of Belgrade 2004-05
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 26 January 2005.

Mrs Ineta ZIEMELE (Latvian)
Born on 12 February 1970 in Latvia
Law studies, Faculty of Law, University of Latvia, 1988-93
Master of International Law, Raoul Wallenberg Institute and University of Lund, Sweden 1993-94
Doctor of Law, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, 1995-99
Adviser to the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Parliament of Latvia, 1992-95
Adviser to the Prime Minister of Latvia, 1995
Founding Director of the Institute on Human Rights, Faculty of Law, University of Latvia, 1995-99
Lecturer in International and European Law, University of Latvia, 1995-99
Programme Adviser, Directorate General of Human Rights, Council of Europe, 1999-2001
Founder and Editor-in-Chief of the Baltic Yearbook of International Law, 2001-05
Söderberg Professor of International Law and Human Rights, Riga Graduate School of Law, Latvia
and visiting Professor at the Raoul Wallenberg Institute, Faculty of Law, Lund University, Sweden, 2001-05
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 27 April 2005.

Mr Mark VILLIGER (Swiss) (Judge elected in respect of Liechtenstein)
Born on 17 May 1950 in Louis Trichardt, South Africa
Law degree, University of Zurich, 1976
Doctor of Law, University of Zurich, 1978
Assistant at the University of Zurich, 1978-1981
Bye-Fellow, Robinson College/University of Cambridge, 1981-1983
Assistant Professor (Privatdozent), 1985 and Professor of Law, 1992 at the University of Zurich
Legal Administrator in the Secretariat of the European Commission of Human Rights, 1983-1991
Head of Division in the Secretariat of the European Commission of Human Rights, 1991-1998
Head of Division in the Registry of the European Court of Human Rights, 1998-2002
Deputy Registrar of the 3rd Section of the European Court of Human Rights, 2002-2006
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 1 September 2006.

Mrs Isabelle BERRO-LEFÈVRE (Monegasque)
Born on 24 October 1965 in Monaco Law Studies at the University of Nice, 1984-1987
Justice Auditor in the Ecole Nationale de la Magistrature, Paris, 1987-1989
Judge at the Court of First Instance of the Principality of Monaco, 1990
First Judge at the Court of First Instance of the Principality of Monaco, 2000
Member of the Consultative Council of European Judges (CCJE)
Judge of the European Court of Human Rights since 27 June 2006.

Mr Erik FRIBERGH (Registrar)
Born on 19 November 1950 in Stockholm
Law and Economics degrees, University of Lund, 1973
Law clerk at the District Court of Härnösand and the County Administrative Court
and the Authority of the Region of Västernorrland, 1973-1976
Associate judge and judge at the Administrative Court of Appeal of Gothenburg, 1976-1978
Deputy Secretary to the Governmental Commission against Unnecessary Bureaucracy, Ministry of Local Government, 1978-79 and to the Governmental Committee on Administrative Law, Ministry of Justice 1979-1981
Legal Administrator in the Secretariat of the European Commission of Human Rights 1981-1991
Head of Section, Personnel Division, Directorate of Administration, Council of Europe 1991-1993
Head of Division and then Deputy to the Secretary of the European Commission of Human Rights, 1993-1997
Deputy Secretary to the European Commission of Human Rights, November 1997-1998
Section Registrar of the new European Court of Human Rights, 1998-2002
Deputy Registrar of the Court, 2002-2005
Registrar of the Court since 7 November 2005.

Mr Michael O'BOYLE (Deputy Registrar)

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